ASTM E1218-2004e1 用微型海藻做静态毒性试验的标准指南

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforConductingStaticToxicityTestswithMicroalgae
【原文标准名称】:用微型海藻做静态毒性试验的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME1218-2004e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:导则;微生物学;水;毒性
【英文主题词】:algae;algal-toxicitytesting;aquaticplants;aquatictoxicitytesting;microalgae
【摘要】:Testswithalgaeprovideinformationonthetoxicityoftestmaterialstoanimportantcomponentoftheaquaticbiotaandmightindicatewhetheradditionaltesting(1)4isdesirable.Algaeareubiquitousinaquaticecosystems,wheretheyincorporatesolarenergyintobiomass,produceoxygen,functioninnutrientcyclingandserveasfoodforanimals.Becauseoftheirecologicalimportance,sensitivitytomanytoxicants,readyavailability,easeofculture,andfastgrowthrates(renderingitpossibletoconductamulti-generationtestinashortperiodoftime),algaeareoftenusedintoxicitytesting.Resultsofalgaltoxicitytestsmightbeusedtocomparethesensitivitiesofdifferentspeciesofalgaeandthetoxicitiesofdifferentmaterialstoalgaeandtostudytheeffectsofvariousenvironmentalfactorsonresultsofsuchtests.Resultsofalgaltoxicitytestsmightbeanimportantconsiderationwhenassessingthehazardsofmaterialstoaquaticorganisms(SeeGuideE1023)orderivingwaterqualitycriteriaforaquaticorganisms(2).Resultsofalgaltoxicitytestsmightbeusefulforstudyingbiologicalavailabilityof,andstructure-activityrelationshipsbetween,testmaterials.Resultsofalgaltoxicitytestswilldependonthetemperature,compositionofthegrowthmedium,andotherfactors.Thesetestsareconductedinsolutionsthatcontainconcentrationsofsalts,minerals,andnutrientsthatgreatlyexceedthoseinmostsurfacewaters.Theseconditionsmayover-orunder-estimatetheeffectsofthetestmaterialifdischargedtosurfacewaters.1.1Thisguidecoversproceduresforobtaininglaboratorydataconcerningtheadverseeffectsofatestmaterialaddedtogrowthmediumongrowthofcertainspeciesoffreshwaterandsaltwatermicroalgaeduringastaticexposure.Theseprocedureswillprobablybeusefulforconductingshort-termtoxicitytestswithotherspeciesofalgae,althoughmodificationsmightbenecessary.Althoughthetestdurationiscomparabletoanacutetoxicitytestwithaquaticanimals,analgaltoxicitytestofshortduration(72,96or120h)allowsforexaminationofeffectsuponmultiplegenerationsofanalgalpopulationandthusshouldnotbeviewedasanacutetoxicitytest.1.2Othermodificationsoftheseproceduresmightbejustifiedbyspecialneedsorcircumstances.Althoughusingappropriateproceduresismoreimportantthanfollowingprescribedprocedures,resultsoftestsconductedusingunusualproceduresarenotlikelytobecomparabletoresultsofmanyothertests.Comparisonofresultsobtainedusingmodifiedandunmodifiedversionsoftheseproceduresmightprovideusefulinformationconcerningnewconceptsandproceduresforconductingtoxicitytestswithmicroalgae.1.3Theseproceduresareapplicabletomanychemicals,eitherindividuallyorinformulations,commercialproducts,orknownmixtures.Withappropriatemodifications,theseprocedurescanbeusedtoconducttestsontemperature,andpHandonsuchmaterialsasaqueouseffluents(seealsoGuideE1192),leachates,oils,particulatematter,sediments,andsurfacewaters.Statictestsmightnotbeapplicabletomaterialsthatarehighlyvolatile,arerapidlybiologicallyorchemicallytransformedinaqueoussolutions,orareremovedfromtestsolutionsinsubstantialquantitiesbythetestvesselsororganismsduringthetest.However,practicalflow-throughtestprocedureswithmicroalgaehavenotbeendeveloped.1.4Resultsoftestsusingmicroalgaeshouldusuallybereportedintermsofthe96-h(orothertimeperiod)IC50(see)basedonreductioningrowth.Insomesituations,itmightonlybenecessarytodeterminewhetheraspecificconc......
【中国标准分类号】:Z16
【国际标准分类号】:07_100_20
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】: